Slide changing device



Jan. 22, 1963 c. H. WIKLUND SLIDE CHANGING DEVICE l1 Sheets-Sheet 1Filed Dec. 9, 1957 INVENTOR. C4424 Al M41040 Jan. 22, 1963 c. H. WIKLUNDSLIDE CHANGING DEVICE l1 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 9, 1957 INVENTOR.

C41 4 H Mk4 ulvo Jan. 22, 1963 c. H. WIKLUND 3,074,314

SLIDE CHANGING DEVICE Filed Dec. 9, 1957 ll Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR.C494 M Mfcwvo Jan. 22, 1963 c. H. WlKLUND 3,074,314

sum: CHANGING DEVICE Filed Dec. 9, 1957 ll Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR. T j& v CAQL MKLUYD Jan. 22, 1963 c. H. WIKLUND SLIDE CHANGING DEVICE l1Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. 9. 1957 INVENTOR.

Array/vs Jan. 22, 1963 c. H. WIKLUND SLIDE CHANGING DEVICE llSheets-Sheet 6 Filed Dec. 9, 1957 INVENTOR. C494 6 MIYLUNO Jan. 22, 1963c. H. WlKLUND sum: CHANGING mzvxcza 11 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed Dec. 9, 1957INVENTOR. C41 4 H h/ Lu/vD ,4 Wop/yer 11 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed Dec. 9.1957 INVENTOR. C/WL H M/fU YD 14 rr OP/YE y Jan. 22, 1963 c. H. WIKLUNDsum: CHANGING DEVICE l1 Sheets-Sheet 9 Filed Dec. 9, 1957 Illll| F 3TFIFl/mliIL ITL Jan. 22, 1963 c. H. WlKLUND 3, ,3

SLIDE CHANGING DEVICE Filed Dec. 9, 1957 11 Sheets-Sheet 1O INVENTOR.CA/PL MfLU YD',

A rroplve-y Jan. 22, 1963 c. H. WIKLUND 3,074,314 SLIDE CHANGING DEVICEFiled Dec. 9, 1957 11 Sheets-Sheet 11 IN VENTOR. C4194 64 M41 u/YD WWMArray/var 3,974,314 Patented Jan. 22, l'QfiB 3,674,314. LIDE CHANGINGDEVICE Carl H. ilrlund, New Rochelle, N.Y., assignor to AirequiptMannt'actnring 60., inc, New Rochelle, N.Y., a corporation of New YorkFiied Dec. 9, 1957, Ser. No. 761,553 3 Claims. (@l. Sfi-Zil) The presentinvention relates to a slide changing device for transparent slides andmore particularly to an improved automatic slide handling means adaptedto be incorporated in a slide projector.

The constantly increasing use of transparent or colored slides inamateur photography has increased the need for an improved device forviewing the slides and particularly for a viewing device including animproved automatic means for holding and changing a set of slides.Various types of slide projectors or viewers are now being marketed;however, the automatic variety of these devices are relatively large,complex, and expensive. The present invention provides a magazine-typeslide changer which is adapted for fully automatic operation and whichat the same time is a relatively simple, rugged, and compact slidehandling means for automatically changing a series of slides mounted ina slide magazine. The slide changing device of the present invention isparticularly adapted for manufacture in a compact form so that it may beconveniently fitted into a relatively small and attractive projectorcasing.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide animproved slide changing device.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a fully automaticslide changer characterized by its compact design.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved fullyautomatic and relatively simple slide changing mechanism for a slideprojector.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a versatile slidechanging mechanism adapted for optional use as a hand-operated, asemiautomatic, or a fully automatic changer.

Other and further objects of the invention will be obvious upon anunderstanding of the illustrative embodiment about to be described orwill be indicated in the appended claims, and various advantages notreferred to herein will occur to one sldlled in the art upon employmentof the invention in practice.

A preferred embodiment of the invention has been chosen for purposes ofillustration and description and is shown in the accompanying drawings,forming a part of the specification, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the slide changer according to thepresent invention;

FIG. 2 is a bottom plan view of the slide changer base;

FlGS. 3 and 4 are bottom plan views corresponding generally to FIG. 2showing the slide changing means in different portions of its cycle;

FIGS. 5-11 are enlarged detailed views of the slide changer timingmechanism showing different stages of a slide changing cycle;

FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view of the timer and the magazineindexing means;

FIGS. l3-l8 are perspective views partially cut away of the timingmechanism in difierent stages of a timing cycle;

FIG. 19 is a vertical sectional view taken along line 19-19 of FIG. 20;

FIG. 20 is a sectional view taken along line Eli-26 of FIG. 19;

FIG. 21 is a vertical sectional view taken along line 2121 of FIG. 19;

FIG. 22 is a vertical sectional view corresponding to FIG. 21 with aslide frame in viewing position;

FIG. 23 is a sectional view taken along line 23-48) of FIG. 21;

FIG. 24 is a vertical sectional view taken along line 24-24 of FIG. 19;

FIG. 25 is a vertical sectional view corresponding to FIG. 24 with aslide frame in the viewing position;

FIG. 26 is an enlarged detailed perspective view of the slide injectionlever in its attached position;

FIG. 27 is an enlarged perspective view of the slide injection lever inits detached position;

FIG. 28 is a sectional view taken along line 28-28 of FIG. 24;

FIG. 29 is a vertical sectional view of the timer mechanism;

FIG. 30 is a detailed bottom plan view of the timer;

FIG. 31 is a fragmentary sectional view showing the slide injectionlever intermediate its extreme operating positions; and

P16. 32 is a fragmentary elevational view showing the slide injectionlever and the guide plate in a detached condition.

The improved slide changer of the present invention will be firstgenerally described with reference to FIG. 1 and thereafter theimportant components will be described under suitable headings. Thechanger 1 includes a base 2 suitable for the addition of a conventionallamp and reflector unit 3, lens unit 3a, and motor 3b. The lamp andreflector unit 3, the lens unit 3a, and the motor 3b form no part of thepresent invention and are shown in FIG. 1 to illustrate the relation ofthe slide changer to a projector unit.

Slide changer 1 is adapted to slidably mount a slide holding magaizne 5adjacent to the projector units 3 and a slide injection mechanismindicated generally at 6 is adapted to sequentially move a plurality ofslide frames 7 from the magazine 5 to a viewing position in conjunctionwith the lamp and reflector unit 3 and the lens unit 30.. The magazine 5comprises longitudinal walls d and end walls 9 having a plurality ofvertical partitions w mounted therein and adapted to store a pluralityof slide frames 7 therebetween. The magazine 5 per se comprises no partof the present invention and may be a magazine such as is disclosed inprior Patent No. 2,711,602, which issued on June 28, 1955.

A timing mechanism whose controls are indicated generally at 11adjustably controls the operation of the slide injection lever 12 of theslide positioning mechanism 6 to successively present the slide frames 7from the magazine 5 to the viewing position at a rate set by the vieweron timer control 11. The slide changer 1 will now b described in greaterdetail under suitable headings.

Slide Frame Positioning As illustrated in FIGS. 24 and 25, the slideframes 7 are moved to and from the magazine 5 by the operation of theinjection lever 12 and the pusher arm 16 on slide lever 13. The end 12::on the injection lever 12 is guided into position on the slide frame '7by the engagement of the hook 12b on the injection lever 12 with therecess 15 of the slide frame 7. The injection lever 12 then moves theslide frame '7 to the viewing position as illustrated in FIG. 25. Apusher arm 16 mounted on the opposite end of the slide lever 13 isadapted to engage the rear of .slide frame 7 to return slide frame '7 tothe magazine 5 when the injection lever 12 is withdrawn from themagazine 5.

As seen in FIG. 24, the injection lever 12 is connected to the slidelever 13 by means of the slide lever handle 17. The injection lever 12is pivotally connected to the handle 17 by the pin 18 which is slidablyfitted in the lever.

slot 19 in the handle 17. The inner end of the injection lever 12 isslidably fitted in an injection lever guide Zll. A cam pin 21 in leverguide 2i? engages a cam slot 22 in the injection lever 12 which issuitably shaped as seen in FlG. 2.1 to lower the hook 125 of theinjection lever 12 into the recess 15 of the slide frame on the inwardmotion of handle 17 when the slide frame 7 is being moved into theviewing position and to lift the hook 155 from the recess 15 when theslide frame '7 is being moved from the viewing position by the pusherarm 16 towards its storage position in the magazine 5 as seen in FIG.21. The final positioning of the slide frame 7 within the magazine 5 isdone by cam surfaces 14 on the magazine guide plate 4 (FIGS. 1 and 24)as the magazine 5 is indexed along the guide plate 4. V v

The slide lever'l3 is slidably mounted on the underside of the top 34(FIGS. 2 and 28) of the base 2 within slotted channel member 31 whichforms a track for the slide vided for the slide lever handle 17 and forthe pusher arm 16 mounted on the opposite ends of the slide lever if:and a slot 33 is provided in channel 31 for the slide lever drive means.in order to provide for the final withdrawal movement for the injectionlever 12 from magazine 5 independently'of the movement of pusher arm 16,a cam 4% is provided on handle 17 as is illustrated in PEG. 26. As seenin FIG. 26, the cam it? is pivotally connected between injection lever12 and the handle 17 by pin 18.

' The cam 40 is also pivotally attached to the gripping portion of theslide lever handle 17 by pin 41. As the injection lever 12 is withdrawnfrom the magazine 5, the lower edge 42 of the cam it? strikes aprojection 43 on the slot edge 44a of guide plate 44 (FIG. 31). Thismoves the upper edge of the cam id to the extreme outer edge 19:: of theslot 19 (FIG. 21), thereby causing the injection lever 12 to move morerapidly than the slide lever 13 and its interconnected pusher arm 16.During the final portion of the injection lever motion, the cam slot 22in the injection lever 12 raises the injection lever 12 clear of therecess 15 in the slide frame '7, allowing the injection lever to bedrawn outwardly from the slide frame 7 and clear of the magazine 5 bythe motion of cam ll In the event that the operator improperly fits themagazine S into position or where damaged slide frames 7 areinadvertently used in the magazine 5, the mechanism of the slide changermay jam with the slide injection lever 12 in its inserted positionwithin the magazine 5. In this case it is sometimes desirable to movethe slide injection lever 12 independently of the slide lever 13 and towithdraw it from the magazine 5 in a disconnected manner as isillustrated in FIG. 32. To facilitate this operation, the injectionlever handle 17 is detachably connected to the slide lever 13 by beingformed in two separable portions. As seen in FIG. 27, the injectionlever handle 17 has a gripping portion 23 which is slidably connected tothe injection lever 12 by the pin 18 in slot 19. The gripping portion 23is detachably connected to the slide lever portion 24 by pins 25 and 26which engage the slots 27 and 23 in the slide lever 24 of the handle 17.A spring member 29 urges the lower pin 26 downwardly into the lower slot28 to hold the gripping portion 23 in its connected position. When it isdesired to disconnect the slide injection lever 12 from the slide lever13, the gripping portion 23 of the slide lever handle 17 is raisedupwardly against the force of the spring 29, allowing the lower pin 26to be swung upwardly from slot 28 and thereafter permitting the pin 25to be lifted clear of the vertical slot 27.

The injection lever guide 2% is preferably formed on the guide plate 44and the entire guide plate 44 is removably positioned on the top 39 ofbase 2 so that the injection lever guide Ztl may be removed from thebase 2 (FIG. 32) when it is desired to releasethe injection lever 12from the slide lever 13 and from the injection lever guide 29. As seenin FIG. 1, guide plate 4 i has a vertical flange 45 whose opposite ends5542 fit beneath An elongated slot 32 in the'top plate 39 is pro 7projections 46 on the magazine support plate 47. The outer end of theguide plate 44 is positioned by a suitable pin it; which fits into slot49 in the guide plate The injection lever 12, therefore, may becompletely removed from the slide projector by removing the grippingportion 23 of the slide lever handle 17 from the slide lever 13 and bythereafter lifting the guide plate 44 clear of the base 2. This permitsthe clearance of any possible jamming conditions whether the injectionlever 12 is inserted into or withdrawn from the magazine 5.

Positioning frame 34, which holds the slide frame 7 in position in theviewing position, is illustrated in FIGS. 23 and 24; The slide framepositioner 34 comprises a framelike face plate 35' which is attached tothe magazine guide plate 4 and positioned on the top plate 30 of thebase 2 and which has a suitable aperture 36 to frame the transparentslide. Channel members 37 and 38 are attached to the upper and lowerportions, respectively, of the slide frame positioner 34 to receive theupper and lower edges of the slide frame 7 after it has been moved intothe viewing position by the injection lever 12.

In order to cut oil the projection beam during the interval while theslide frames 7 are changed, a shutter means is provided as illustratedin FIGS. 21, 22, and 23. The shutter means comprises a shutter plate 5i?which is mounted on generally parallel shutter arms 51 and 52. One endof each of these arms is pivotally attached to the shutter plate 55} andthe opposite ends are pivotally attached at spaced pivot points 53 and54 on the shutter bracket 55. The shutter is moved from its closedposition as illustrated in FIGS. 21 and 23 to its open position asillustrated in FlG. 22 by the shutter rod 56. The lower end of theshutter rod 56 is pivotally attached to the upper shutter arm 51 asindicated at 5'7 and the opposite or upper end of the shutter rod 56 hasa hook portion 53 which is positioned in a slot 59 (FIG. 24) in theslide frame positioner 3%. Slot 5? is adjacent the outer end of thelower slide frame channel 38 so that hook portion 58 is engaged by theedge of the slide frame 7 when the slide frame '7 is moved into theviewing position, causing the book 58 to be moved from its inwardposition as seen in FIGS. 21 and 24 to its outer position as illustratedin FIGS. 22 and 25. This motion of the shutter red as rotates theshutter arms El and 52 about their pivot points 53 and 54, respectively,against the force of the spring 61, thereby causing the shutter plate 58to move clear of the aperture 36 to its lowered position as illustratedin FIG. 22. The shutter Sil is therefore moved away from the aperture 36when the slide frame is moved nearly completely into the viewingposition by the injection lever i2 since the slide frame 7 does notcontact the shutter actuating rod 56 until its outer edge reaches theinner edge of the slot 59. As seen in FIGS. 24 and 25, a spring clip 3%is mounted on the bottom of the slide frame positioner 3 in such aposition that it releasably engages the pusher arm 16 when the pusherarm 16 has been moved to the viewing position to hold the slide frame 7in a steady viewing position against the force of shutter spring 61.

Changer Drive Means by a suitable pulley 65 through the intermediationof drive belt 67, pulley 68, gears 69 and 7d, connector rod 71,operating disk '72, and engagement lever '74-. The operating disk 72 isrotatably mounted on a cam shaft 75 and it is rocked or oscillatedthereon by the connector rod '71 as the gear 7a is rotated'from therotating blower shaft 64. The operating dish '72 is removably connectedto the engagement lever 74 by an engaging means indicated generally at73, which will be described in greater detail below. The rocking motionof the operating disk 72 is transferred by the engagement lever 74 andthe slide link '76 to a reciprocal motion of the slide lever 13. Theslide link 76 is pivotally connected at one end 77 by a pivot 73 to theengagement lever 74 and is pivotally connected at its opposite end by apivot 79 and a bracket 8%) to the slide lever 13. As long as theoperating disk 72 and the engagement lever 74 remain connected by theengaging means 73, each rotation of the gear 70 will cause a singlepassage of the injection lever 12 into and out of the magazine 5 to moveone slide frame 7 to and from the slide viewing position.

In order to control the length of time during which each slide holder 7is in the viewing position, the engaging means 73 disconnects thecontinually rocking operating disk 72 from the engagement lever 74 foradjustable periods of time after the injection lever 12 has moved aslide holder 7 into the viewing position. The operation of the engagingmeans 73 to provide for the disconnection is controlled by an operatinglock 123 under the optional control of an automatic timer or a manuallyoperated control means, as will be more fully described below.

[Magazine Indexing Means The magazine indexing means operates each timethat a slide frame 7 is returned to the magazine 5 to move the magazinealong the support plate 47 to present the next slide frame 7 to theinjection lever 12.

Each of the magazines 5 has an elongated rack 82 on its bottom sidewhich is adapted to be engaged by a pinion gear 83 rotatably mounted onshaft 34 upon the magazine support plate 47 so that the teeth of thegear 83 mesh with the rack 82 when the magazine 5 is moved into positionagainst the magazine rail guide plate 4 and the magazine support plate47. For each cycle of the injection lever 12 moving a slide into and outof the view ing position, the gear 83 control means indicated generallyat 85 (FIGS. 2 and 3) turns the gear 83 to advance the magazine 5 adistance corresponding to the width of one slide compartment. Each timethat the injection lever 12 reaches its fully withdrawn extendedposition outside of the magazine 5, the magazine 5 is moved forward topresent the next slide holder 7 to the injection lever 12.

This action of the gear control means 85' is illustrated in FIGS. 2, 3,and 4. Ratchet 36 is pivotally mounted on the opposite end of the gearshaft 84 beneath the base top 3%. A pawl lever 87 is pivotally attachedto the top 36* adjacent to the ratchet 86 having a pawl 55% pivotallyconnected thereon. The pawl 88 is resiliently urged against the ratchet36 by the spring 89 on the pawl lever 87 and the pawl lever 87 urges thepawl 88 to rotate the ratchet 36 in a clockwise direction (FIG. 3) underthe force of a spring S ll which is connected between the base top 3%and the pawl lever 87. When the slide lever 1?: is moved to its outerposition with the injection lever 12 withdrawn from the magazines asillustrated in FIGS. 2 and 21, the contact pin 91 on the engagementlever 74 contacts the slot 92 in pawl lever 87 and rotates it to itsindexing start position with spring 99 stretched as seen in H6. 2.Thereafter, continuing movement of the engagement lever 74- in aclockwise direction causes the pin 91 to release the pawl lever 87 sothat it is rotated in a counterclockwise direction by spring 90 and sothat the pawl rotates the ratchet 86. The gear 33 is thereby turned toadvance the magazine to present the next slide frame 7 to injectionlever 32. The rotation of the pawl lever 8'7 is checked at the desiredpoint by a stop 94. In order to allow the magazine 5 to he stepped toits next position by the movement of the engagement lever 74 before theinjection lever 12 enters the magazine 5 where it would interfere withthe stepping action, the pivot 79 which connects the slide link 7 6 tothe slide lever 13' is slidably fitted in a slot 95 in the slide link'76. As seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, the initial movement of the engagementlever 74 at the start of a cycle rotates the ratchet 86 to step themagazine without moving the slide lever 13 to move the injection lever12 within the magazine. Thus, the motion of the ratchet 86 occurs whilethe pivot 7 9 moves from one end of the slot to the other as seen inFIGS. 2 and 3.

A pivotally mounted locking pawl 96 is resiliently urged against theteeth of ratchet 86 by the spring 97 to hold the magazine in position atthe termination of the magazine stepping action. The magazine 5 may bemanually positioned by the stepping handle 98 which is connected to theratchet '86 by gears tid -102.

The Engagement Means As described above, the operating disk 72 iscontinuously rocked or oscillated on the cam shaft 75 by the'reciprocates the slide frame injection lever 12 through theintermediation of the slide link 76 and the slide lever 13.

The engagement means 73, illustrated in FIGS. 13 and 14, comprises anengagement hook lid pivotally attached at ill?) to the engagement lever74 and positioned to engage a hook engaging means or slot 111 on theoperating disk 72 under the control of an engagement cam follower 112which is pivotally mounted on engagement lever 74 on the same pivot 113as engagement hook 116. The engagement cam follower 112 is controlled bya downwardly extending contact 114 which rides on a cam surface 115 onengagement cam 116. The engagement cam 116 is mount ed by means of aslot 117 on the cam shaft 75, and it is adapted to be rotated betweentwo positions on the cam shaft 75 by an engagement cam release 118 whichis also mounted on cam shaft 75. In the first or engaged position ofengagement cam 116, as seen in H6. 13, the cam surface 115 andcontacting foot 114 have been moved inwardly toward cam shaft 75 byspring 119 so that engagement hook llld engages slot 111 in operatingdisk 72. in its second or disengaged position, as seen in FIG. 14, thecam surface 115 is moved outwardly from cam shaft 75 so that theengagement cam follower 112 is swung outwardly, allowing spring 126' tomove engagement hook 110 from slot Hi.

When the engagement cam 116 is in its engaged position, as seen inFIG.13, with the engagement hook 110 seated in slot 111, the operating disk72, and the engagement lever 74- move in synchronism and the slidetransfer means moves through a slide changing cycle, thereby moving oneslide frame 7 out of the viewing position and another one into theviewing position for each rotation of the gear 74 When the engagementcam 116 is in its disengaged position, as seen in FIG. 14, the slidetransfer means remains stationary with a slide frame 7 in the viewingposition.

The engagement earn 116 is moved between its engaged and its disengagedpositions by the engagement cam release 118, which is controlled bymeans of an automatic timing means indicated generally at 122, or at theoption of the operator by manually operated operating lock 123.

The engagement cam release 11% is rotatably mounted on the cam shaft 7immediately adjacent to the engagement cam 116 with a cam roller on theengagement cam release 118 engaging a cam slot 126 in the engagement cam116. The rotatable members on cam shaft 75 with the exception of theengagement cam 116 and the engagement cam release 118 are separated fromone another by neutralizing Washers 75a. With the hooked end portion'127 of the engagement earn 116 preventing rotational movement of theengagement cam 116 about cam shaft 75 by its engaging contact 114, thecounterclockwise rotation of the arm 128 of engagement cam release 118from the engaged position as seen in FIGJ13 to the disengaged end 13%,causing the engagement cam lilo to move in slot 117 on cam shaft 75 sothat cam surface 115 of the engagement cam 116 moves outwardly from camshaft 75, thereby lifting the engagement cam follower 112 and removingthe engagement hook 1.1% from slot 111.

The engagement cam release 118 is urged towards its engaged position, asseen in FIGS. 4 and 13, by a spring 132 connected to the outer end ofarm 12% on the engagement cam release 118. When the engagement camrelease lit; is in this position, the engagement hook en'- gages slot111, causing the engagement lever 74 to rotate with the operating disk72. As the engagement lever 74 moves in a counterclockwise direction, asseen in FIG. 3, the contact or arm 114 on the engagement cam follower112 strikes the arm 12% of the engagement cam release 118 and moves theengagement cam release 1113 to its disengaged position, as seen in FIG.14. When the engagement cam release 'll 'reaches this position, therelease lock 123 engages the extension 1363 on the engagement camrelease 118 and holds it in its disengaged position. As the engagementlever 7d continues on its cycle and is carried in a clockwise directionby the operating disk 72 back to the starting position, as seen in FIG.4, the engagement cam 116 lifts the engagement cam follower 112releasing the engagement hook ill from the slot 111 as seen in F313. 5.The operating disk 72 will now oscillate independently of the engagementlever '74- so that the slide frame '7 which has been moved into theviewing position by the clockwise motion of the engagement lever 74 willremain in the viewing position until the release lock 123 is operated,as will be explained below, to free the engagement cam release 1118 toinitiate another cycle.

, lock button 142 controls the position of the release lock 123 throughthe intermediation of release lock shaft 144. The end 154 of releaselock shaft 144 engages arm 145 on the release lock 123 and passesthrough suitable apertures 146 and 147 in the release lock 123 and thebase 2, respectively; The release lock shaft 14-4 mounts release lockbutton 142 on its upperend 148 and has compressed spring 149 positionedbetween base 2 and the release lock button 142 which urges the attachedend 150 of the release lock shaft 144 towards the base 2, causing theleg 151 of the release lock 123 to be resiliently urged towards the base2. When the engagement cam release 118 is rotated to its disengagedposition as shown in FIG. 14, the spring 149 causes the leg of therelease lock 123 to swing inwardly and to engage the extension 133 ofthe engagement cam release 118, thereby locking it inits disengagedposition. When the release locl; button 142 is pressed towards the base2, re lease lock 123 pivots away from the undersurface of the base 2,thereby moving the leg 151 clear of the engagement cam release 1-13 sothat it snaps to its engaged position under the force of the spring 132.A cam surface 154 is provided on the leg 151 of the release lock 123which is adapted to be engaged by the timing mecha nism. As will be morefully explained below, the timing mechanism engages surface 154 torotate the release lock 123 clear of the engagement cam release 118 inthe same manner as the release lock button 142.

The release lock 123 may be operated from a remote position by asuitable flexible cable or by an electrical relay or an air cylinderconnected by wires or tubes.

Timer M echmzism The timer mechanism 122 is provided on the camshaft 75to automatically operate the release lock 123 at predeterminable andadjustable intervals so that the slide actuating mechanism will movesuccessive slide frames 7 to the viewing position automatically atpredetermined intervals. The timer mechanism (llGS. 14-16) comprises aratchet disk 17% rotatably mounted on the cam shaft '75 concentricallywith operating 'disk '72. The ratchet disk 17% has a cam pin 1'71mounted adjacent its outer edge which is adapted to engage the camsurface 15 of the release lock 1235 when the ratchet disk 17% is rotatedclockwise by a pawl 175 on operating disk 72 from its starting positionas seen in FIG. 15 to the position shown in FIGS. 16 and 17. As is bestseen in FIG. 16, the cam pin 171 in this position engages the camsurface 15d of the release lock 23, thereby rocking the leg 151 of therelease lo-cl: i123 outwardly from the base 2 so that the engagement camrelease 113 springs to its engaged position. When the engagement camrelease lid is moved to its engaged position, engagement lever 74 isconected to operating disk 72 so that it rotates in synchronism with theoperating disk 72 first counterclockwise and then clockwise. During thecounterclockwise portion (FlGS. l7 and 18) of the rotation of theengagement lever 74, the engagement cam follower arm 11 .4 contacts theend 175 of the ratchet disk 174i and rotates it in a counterclockwisedirection. This moves the cam pin 171 clear of the release lock 123 andreturns the ratchet disk liil to its starting position as seen in PEG.1%. The release lock 123 re-engages the engagement cam release 118 sothat when the engagement lever 74 returns to slide viewing position asseen in PEG. 7, the engagement hook 11% will be released from slot 111as described above, disconnecting the engagement lever i4 from theoperating disk 72. As the gear 7:; continues to rotate, the operatingdisk '72 continues to oscillate or rock about the cam shaft 39. Thisrocking motion of the operating disk 72 is transferred to the ratchetdisk 17% by an operating pawl 176 which is pivotally mounted at the edgeof the operating disk '72, as seen in FIGS. 12 and 15.

In order to adjustably determine the portion of the oscillation of theoperating disk 72 during which the operating pawl 176 engages the teethof the ratchet disk 17% therefore the number of oscillations required tomove the cam pin 171 against lock 123, a timing cam 177 is provided inthe path of the operating pawl 176.

a As seen in FIG. 30, the earn 177 is rotatably mounted on cam shaft 75and it has a generally arcuate cam a on cam 17? and pinion gear 131.

surface 178 which is engaged by a cam follower 179 on the pawl 176.While the cam follower 179 is in engagement with the cam surface 173,the pawl 176 is lifted out of engagement with ratchet disk 1%. Byrotating the cam 177 on cam shaft '75, the portion of the cam surface178 which engages the cam follower 179 on ratchet 176 may be varied andthus the portion of the oscillation of operating disk 75 during whichthe ratchet 176 engages ratchet disk 17%. The position of the cam 177 iscontrolled by the cooperating rack portion 139 Pinion gear 181 ismounted on rotatable shaft 182 which has a control knob I183 mountedthereon (PEG. 19) above base 2. When the cam 177 is rotated to itsextreme clockwise (FIG.

'30) position, the pawl 176 is held out of engagement with the ratchetdisk thereby preventing automatic cycling, control knob 183 willindicate M or Manual on the calibrated plate. At this setting the timingmechanism is inoperative and slides may be viewed for longer intervals.To view successive slides, release lock button 142 is depressed therebyinstituting one complete cycle and presenting the next slide frame '7.When the cam 177 is rotated so that control knob 183 is set at thehighest interval for automatic operation, the pawl 176 contacts theratchet disk for only a small portion of its oscillating motion aboutcam shaft 75, thereby requiring a relatively large number ofoscillations to move the cam pin 171 against lock 123 to initiate aslide changing action. When the cam is moved to its extremecounterclockwise position, the pawl 176 is in contact with the ratchetdisk over a major portion of its travel, thereby moving the cam pin $.71against lock 123 in a relatively few oscillations and a correspondinglyshort time. The cam 177 may be set at any position between its extremepositions by control knob 183 to provide the slide viewing intervaldesired. A suitably calibrated plate is provided adjacent knob 183 toprovide an indication of the intervals.

A neutralizing cam 134 is pivotally mounted at 135 on base 2 adjacent totiming cam 177 (FIG. 30). Neutralizing cam 184 has an arcuate camsurface 136 which engages the cam follower 179 of the timer pawl 1'76when the neutralizing cam is in its operative position as seen indash-dot lines in P G. 30. In this position, the pawl 176 is held out ofengagement with the ratchet disk 17% so that the automatic slidechanging action is inoperative. When the neutralizing cam is in itsinoperative position as seen in FIG. 30, its cam surface 186 is spacedfrom the pawl 176 and it has no effect thereon.

The position of the neutralizing cam is controlled by a hold button 137mounted in the hollow center of the timer control knob 133 (FIG. 19).Hold button 187 has a downwardly extending rod 183 slidably mounted inthe hollow center of control knob shaft 182. The rod 14% has a flange1559 on its lower end which engages the end 21h of the neutralizing camlfi'and holds it in its inoperative position as seen in FIG. 30. Whenthe hold button 187 is pushed downwardly against its biasing spring Ell(FIG. 19), the flange 189 on rod 1% moves beyond the neutralizing cam,allowing the neutralizing cam. to move against the rod 183 under theforce of spring 214 with slot 212 engaging the rod 188. in thisposition, the neutralizing cam moves to its operative position engagingthe earn 179 of pawl 176 and holding the pawl 1'76 away from the ratchetdisk 17% so that the slide changing operation is suspended.

in order to resume the automatic changing cycle, the release lock button14; is pressed, thereby starting a new cycle as described above. Duringthe cycle, the arm lid of the engagement cam follower 112 swings theengagement cam release 17.8 and the associated engagement cam 116 totheir extreme counterclockwise position as seen in FIG. 18. At thispoint cam roller 2.15 on the engage mentcam 1'16 rotates theneutralizing cam in a cloc. wise direction about its pivot 1555, therebymoving its end 216 free of the control knob rod 18% so that the controlknob returns to its normal position as seen in FIG. 30 with theneutralizing cam in its inoperative position.

Slide magazines may be loaded on to the magazine guide plate 4 while theslide injection lever 12 is either in its withdrawn or viewing positionswith respect to the magazine 5. When the slide injection lever 12 isWithdrawn, the magazine 5 is positioned with the first slide frame 7adjacent the slide injection lever 12 so that the next changing cyclemoves the first slide frame 7 into the viewing position. When the slideinjection lever 12 is in its viewing position, the end 5a of themagazine 5 is moved against the side of the injection lever 12. In thisposition, the first tooth on the magazine rack 32 will be engaged by thestepping gear 83. When the changing cycle is started the injection lever12 will strike the end 511 or" the magazine 5 on the first cycle. Inorder to allow the injection lever li to strike the end So of themagazine casing 5 without damaging the mechanism and withoutinterrupting the slide changing cycle, an auto-matically disengageableclutch means is provided in the connector rod 71. This clutch means isillustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3. The connector rod 71 comprises anelongated clutch slide 160 which is pivotally connected at 3.51 to thegear 76 and which has its other end 1&2 slidably mounted in a clutchsleeve 16 comprising clutch base 165 and a clutch cover 166. In order toprevent relative motion between the clutch slide 16d and the clutchsleeve 164 during normaloperation of the mechanism, generally U-shapedclutch spring 167 is attached to the clutch spring base 165 having apair of rollers 168 rot-stably mounted on its free ends. Cooperatingnotches 169 are formed in the clutch slide which receive the rollers 163so that the tension of the spring 167 holds the clutch sleeve res andthe clutch slide tea in a fixed relationship for normal operatingforces. When the slide injection lever 12 strikes the front end 5a orrear end 5b of a slide magazine 5 or should any of the mechanismconnected to the clutch sleeve become otherwise jammed, continuedrotation of the gear '76 forces the clutch slide res against the rollers168 with sufficient force to cause them to spread outwardly away fromeach other and to roll out of the notches 169 in the clutch slide 16h,thereby allowing the clutch slide 16% to slide freely in the clutchsleeve 16 as the rollers 168 roll along opposite edges of the clutchslide 16%. When the slide injection lever 12 is released for normalmovement into the magazine 5, such as on its second cycle after themagazine loading, the rollers ldli automatically drop back into notches169.

Operation The operation of the slide changing mechanism which has beendescribed in detail above will now be summarized by a description of aslide changing cycle of the mechanism.

When a magazine 5 containing the slide frames 7 is mounted on themagazine guide plate 4, the rack 82. on the bottom of the magazine 5engages the magazine indexing gear 83. As described more fully above,the rack 82 of the magazine 5 may be engaged with gear 83 with the slideinjection lever 12 in either its inserted or withdrawn positions withrespect to the viewing position.

The slide changing action may then be initiated by starting the blowermotor. The fully automatic features of the invention will then be ineifect and the operator needs only to choose the desired slide intervalsetting. If any time during the automatic operation the operator wisheseither to return to a preceding slide or advance to a later slide in themagazine, the hold button 187 is depressed thereby stopping automaticcycling as described above. The operator may then reposition themagazine 5 forward or backward as desired by turning the indexing knob98 before returning the invention to automatic operation. The injectionlever 12 may be moved to this outward position from any portion of theslide transferring cycle as the withdrawal of the injection lever 12will either rotate the mechanism to the proper position or it willdisengage the clutch means in the connecting rod 71 to facilitate itswithdrawal should any resistance be provided due to the particularposition of the gear 7%) in the cycle.

Once the magazine 5 has been placed in position and the slide changingaction initiated by the starting of the motor, the operating disk 72will now be oscillated or rocked on the cam shaft '75 by the motorthrough the connecting means which includes the connecting rod '71. Thetimer control knob 3183 is adjusted so that the operating pawl 176engages a predetermined number of teeth on the ratchet disk 17% for eachoscillation of the operating disk 72. A given number of oscillations ofthe operating disk 72 moves the cam pin 171 on the ratchet disk 17%against the lock 1123 (FIGS. 5-9). Lock 123 is lifted clear of theengagement cam release .1325 so that it shifts the engagement cam to itsengaged position as seen in FIGS. 10 and 11. As described more fullyabove, the hook means 11o now connects the engagement lever 7 with theoscillating operating disk '72 so that the injection lever 12, which isoperatively connected to the engagement lever 74, is moved into themagazine 5 so that a slide frame '7 is moved to the viewing position.When the engagement lever '74 reaches this position gagement cam release11% and the engagement cam 116 to their disengaged-position as seen in*jl. l4. Ratchet disl; 17b is also returned" to its starting position asseen in F143. 4.- Atthis point, the hook 112?: is disengaged (PEG. fromthe 'operatingdislr 32 so that the engagement lever '74- isnowdisconnected and remains stationary on cam shaft; '75 with a slide frame7 in the viewing position and lock-123, which has re-engaged theengagement cam ,release lld will now hold the engagement cam release 113stationary until the cam pin 171 of the ratchet disk 17% is again movedagainst loci 123 by a predeterminednumber of oscillations of theoperating disk 72 on the cam shaft 75. When the predetermined number ofoscillations of operating disk '72 has occurred, the engagement camrelease 118 will again be released from the lock 123 and the engagementlever 74 will be moved through one cycle, causing the injection lever 12to be Withdrawn from the magazine 5, the pusher arm 16 to move towardthe'magazine S the magazine 5 to be advanced by the magazine indexingmechanism whose operation has been iully described above, and theinjection lever 12 to be reinserted. in the magazine to move the nextsuccessive slide frame '7 into the viewing position.

As each slide frame is moved into the viewing position in the slideframexpositioner 34, the edge of the slide frame 7 engages the hook 5?;on the shutter rod This causes the shutter rod 56 to pull the shutterplate 5i} clear of the all e frame'positioner aperture as the slideframe 7 is moved into its final viewing position. Since the hook 523isnot engaged by the slide frame Tuntil the slide frame 7 is nearly inviewing position, the image will not lac-projected until the slide frame'7 is in its viewing position.

As more fully described above, release lock button 142 may be pressed torelease the lock 123 when it is desired to initiate a slide changingcycle without Waiting for the action of the timer. Thus, when therelease lock button 142, is held down continuously, a slide will bechanged for each oscillation of the operating disk 72.

- When it isdesired to extend the viewing time beyond the intervalprovided by the timing mechanism, the hold button 187 is pressed so;that the neutralizing cam 134 removes the pawl 176 from the ratchet disk17% so that the slide changing mechanism is temporarily disconnecteduntil the release lock button 142 is again pressed to restore theslidechan'ging mechanism to its normal operation.

Whenever it is longer interval than is provided for in the automatictiming mechanism, control knob 183 may be set on M or Manual therebymaking automatic features inoperative. Slides may then be viewed for aslong as desired and slides may be changed by depressing release lockbutton 142.

When the last slide frame 7 in each magazine has been returned to themagazine from the viewing position, two

more cycles of the slide changer will eject the magazine from the slidepositioning means 6. Successive magazines 5 may be loaded into thechanger without stopping the slide changing mechanism as the indexinggear 83 will engage the rack 32 of succeeding magazines if their forwardend 55:: is held against the rear end 5b of the preceding magazine bythe operator. on the connecting rod 71 prevents jamming as the ends 5aor 5b of the magazines 5 pass the slide injection lever Should it becomenecessary to remove the magazine from the magazine guide plate due to ajamming caused by damagedor improperly.inserted slide frames 7 while 7the slide injection lever 12 is inserted into the magazine desired toview successive slides for a The clutch means 12 5, the slide injectionlever 12 may first be removed by disconnecting the gripping portion 23from the slide lever portion 24 of handle 17 and by thereaftersimultancously lifting the slide injection lever 12 and the guide plate44- clear of the magazine 5 and the base 2.

Itwill be seen that the present invention provides a compact andautomatic slide changing mechanism adapted to provide for automatic,semiautomatic, or manually controlled slide changing at the option ofthe operator.

An automatic slide changing mechanism is providedin which the viewinginterval for a plurality of magazine a stored slides may be adjustedwithin a wide range. The

slide viewing interval may be also lengthened indefinitely or shortenedas desired by the operator through the operation of convenient controls.anism is adapted for a compact construction and is thus readilyapplicable for incorporation into substantially totally-enclosed slideprojectors.

As various changes may be made in the form, construction and arrangementof the parts herein Without departing from the spirit and scope of theinvention and without sacrificing any of its advantages, it is to beunderstood'that all matter herein is to be interpreted as illustrativeand not in a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention, 1 claim:

1. A slide changing device comprising the combination of a base, a slideframe positioner located on said base, a slide changing means, amagazine guide means on said base adapted to slidably support a slidemagazine intermediate said slide frame positioner and said slidechanging means, and said slide changing means comprising a slide leverreciprocably mounted on said base and having a slide injection lever atone end adapted to removably engage slide frames in a magazine supportedby said guide means to move them to the slide frame positioner, a pusherarm on the opposite end of said slide lever adapted to engage slideframes in said relative to the slide lever and the pusher arm by themovement of said cam by said projection to fully withdraw the slideinjection lever from the magazine.

2. The device as claimed in claim 1 in which said slide injection leveris removably connected to said Slide lever whereby said slide injectionlever may be withdrawn from the magazine independently of the slidelever when the slide lever has been jammed by operative errors.

3. The device as claimed in claim 1 in which said slide injection leveris slidably mounted on said slide lever for longitudinal motionbetweenfixed limits, said cam being pivotally connected at spaced pointsto said slide lever and said slide injection lever respectively, andsaid cooperating projection positioned adjacent the path of said slideinjection lever to control the movement of said cam on said pivots andto thereby position the slide injection lever with respect to the slidelever.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Theslide changing mcch- V

1. A SLIDE CHANGING DEVICE COMPRISING THE COMBINATION OF A BASE, A SLIDEFRAME POSITIONER LOCATED ON SAID BASE, A SLIDE CHANGING MEANS, AMAGAZINE GUIDE MEANS ON SAID BASE ADAPTED TO SLIDABLY SUPPORT A SLIDEMAGAZINE INTERMEDIATE SAID SLIDE FRAME POSITIONER AND SAID SLIDECHANGING MEANS, AND SAID SLIDE CHANGING MEANS COMPRISING A SLIDE LEVERRECIPROCABLY MOUNTED ON SAID BASE AND HAVING A SLIDE INJECTION LEVER ATONE END ADAPTED TO REMOVABLY ENGAGE SLIDE FRAMES IN A MAGAZINE SUPPORTEDBY SAID GUIDE MEANS TO MOVE THEM TO THE SLIDE FRAME POSITIONER, A PUSHERARM ON THE OPPOSITE END OF SAID SLIDE LEVER ADAPTED TO ENGAGE SLIDEFRAMES IN SAID SLIDE FRAME POSITIONER TO RETURN THEM TO THE MAGAZINE,AND SAID SLIDE INJECTION LEVER PIVOTALLY CONNECTED TO SAID SLIDE LEVERBY A CAM, AND A COOPERATING PROJECTION ON SAID GUIDE MEANS WHEREBY THESLIDE INJECTION LEVER IS MOVED RELATIVE TO THE SLIDE LEVER AND THEPUSHER ARM BY THE MOVEMENT OF SAID CAM BY SAID PROJECTION TO FULLYWITHDRAW THE SLIDE INJECTION LEVER FROM THE MAGAZINE.